Medicinal and anesthetic package



A E SMITH MEDICINAL AND AN ESTHETIC PACKAGE Filed Dec. 16, 1922 Feb. 9 1926.

Patented Feb. 9, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

ARTHUR E. slvrrrrnor rrr'rsenne, Kansas, Assrenonro CLAUDE a. sMI'rn, or

. PITTSBUBG, KANSAS. i

MEDICINAL Ann ANZESTll-IETIC PACKAGE.

Application filed December 16, 1922. Serial No. 607,393.

To (all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ARTHUR E. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Crawford and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and, useful -lmprovements in Medicinal and Anaesthetic Packages, ofwhich the following is a specification.

.In my copending application Serial Number 607,391 filed on the 16thday of December, 1922, Ihave' claimed broadly a medicinal package comprising a container 'containing a pluralityv of ingredients, one at least of which is a liquid and one, or. more, of which are separated from the other or others by a'fusible" wall. Additionally, that application claims specifically the use of a capsule asthe fusible element.

In my application Serial Number 607,- 392 filedon the 16th day of December, 1922,

which is subsidiary to the first named ap plication, .I have claimed specifically the thought of making the container or ampule in the form of a two-part container' with merely a fusible plug between them.

The present application is likewise subsidiary to the first named application and is intended to claim specifically the separation of two liquids by a fusible wall, non-miscible with both of said liquids.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section,'of an ampule constructed in accordance with the invention;v

Fig. 2 is a View like Fig. 1, but showing the condition of the ampule after it has been placed in a sterilizer and boiled and the fusible capsule has been melted to permit the two liquids to mix; and i V Fig.3 is a side iew of the ampule showing' the neck broken, to permit of the insertion of the needle of a hypodermic syringe.

Like numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawing. c

In the drawing, 5 designates an ampule of glass, which may be of any desired color. The main body of this ampuleis intended to receive a liquid 6, whiclrmay be sterile, distilled water, alcohol, glycerine or any other suitable liquid or mixture of liquids or liquid'solutioinas the case maybe. q p A chemically pure paratin capsule! receivesxanother liquid ingredient Sland it is the function ofthe capsule to separate the liquids 6 and 8 until the time of use arrives. hen the time of use arives, the ampule. is

placed in a sterilizer and boiled and the r e-V sultant rise of temperature melts the paraffin of which the capsule 7 is composed and the two liquids are permitted to mix. After the capsule 7 has been melted, the ampule is placed in a glass of cold water, upside down, as illustratedinFig. 2, and the resultant lowering of the tenn i'e ature of the ampule and its contents, results in the'solidification of the paraffin, which collects inthe form ofa lump 7% in the upper end ofthe ampule. I

l The ampule isthen turned to the position illustrated in Fig. 3 and the elongated neck portion 5 is broken off, rendering it possible to insert theneedle of a hypodermic syringe directly into the intermixed liquids. V

. There is thus presented for the use of the physician a freshly mixed preparation which has never been removed from its original container and consequent any possibility of contamination is absolutely avoided.

The importance of using freshly mined solutions when injecting them into thchuman system cannot be over-estimated. The use of "solutions that are not absolutely fresh or which have been exposed to .the atmosphere for any considerable length of time after mixing and before use, is positively dangerous. See in this connection, Prinzs textbook entitled Dental Materia Medica and Therapeutics, thirdp'edition, pag e q;

The practitioner is especially cautioned in regard to the use of local anaesthetics in the form of ready made solutions. Solutrons of cocaine, evenwhen rendered sterile by fractional sterilization, w1ll not rema n so after the contents of the bottle .are exseems impracticable. In private practice it for a long time.

posed to the air for a short time. Ready made solutions that are sold in the shops under more or less fanciful names require still greater precautions. The. recently enacted pure food and drug act requires that all solutions containing cocaine, eucaine, and other similar alkaloids, must be. labeled. Most of the many so called safe and reliable anaesthetics found in the market contain cocaine or its substitute in various quantities; The addition of adrenalin to a ready made solution not only destroys this-alkaloid in a very short time, but the productof its decomposition with the decomposed cacaine makes the solution still more dangerous. The printed formulasthat accompany many of the ready made solutions of local anaesthetics frequently show an utter disregard of the pharmaeologic action ofxthe individual ingredients which forces ius to conclude that they are a slur on the intelligence of the practitioner who uses such compounds. I v q Quoting Fisher from his Etextbook entitled Local Anesthesia inDentistry, page 48, 1914 edition. a

Synthetic suprarenin "is; stable only to a limited degree after thebottle has oncebeen opened; for this reason the transferring into another vessel of the quantity required in every case, as recommended by Seidel,

isbest to make a freshsoluti'on fromtablets, as cases present themselves The very convenient tablets as- Braun .writes, are

preferable to any other form of dispensing alkaloids used for medical purposes. This is especially true of unstable. drugslike suprarenin which, in a dry tablet form, keeps Same author from page53y umerous solutions in the market not only contain admixtures of highly toxic drugs but also lack sufficient neutrality; in

other words, they are notisotonic but heterotonic. Novocain-suprarenin solutions which are intended for injection must always be of the purest quality; they must be crystal clear and not contain any admixtures nor must they have come in contact with any impurities during the process or'preparation.

Same authorfrom page 55:

For the requirements of daily practice it seemed expedient to dispense novocainsuprarenin in ampules so as to offer the solution ready for use in convenient form. Our experiences with these ampules, however, induce us to give the preference to solutions freshly made from tablets, for the present at least. The ampule solution decomposes more quickly and its stability depends upon the conditions of temperature and light under which it is preserved. Suprai-enal extract is not stable for any length of time when in'liquid union with novocaln.

Same author page 41:

'The preparations marketed in ampules lutions and in the field of anaesthetic solutions used in nerve/blocking work the present invention has a wide range of usefulness, I Iowever,-its,use is not limited to that field but it is of utility in any field where it is important tohave a freshly made solution at the time of use.

Merely as illustrative of some of the uses of the invention and not as restricting the invention to the particular uses named, I may say that the liquid 6 may consistof sterile, distilled water and the contents of the capsule may consist of salvarsan or neosalvarsan.

-Many .nses of the invention will readily suggest themselves to the manufacturing chemist and pharmacist and it is suflicient to say thatv the invention is of value in any relation where it is desired to maintain two liquids separate until the time of use and thenintermix them, in vacuo, without having the separating medium incorporated in the resulting solution.

However the invention is limited only by the state of the art and so far as I am aware I am thefirstto place two liquids in a container and separate them bya wall fusible at a temperature above normal but lower than the fusion point of the container so that if the container be subjected to heat the wall will melt and permit the liquids to intermix and this I desireto broadly protect.

Having described my invention what I claim is:

1. A medicinal package comprising a container for two bodiesof liquidand a fusible wall separating the two bodies of liquid which fusible wall is non-miscible with both above normal but materially below the melting point of the material of the container. 3. A medicinal package comprising a.

sealed glass ampule containing a body of liquid, a capsule'i'n the said body of liquid. which capsule contains a second body of liquid said capsule being made of a mate- 'rial non miseible in both of said bodies of liquid and fusible at ten'iperatures materially above normal but materially below the melting point of the material of the ampule.

4C. In combination a medicinal package comprising a glass ampule sealed under Vae- 1mm and containing a body of liquid and a capsule in said ampule and in said body of liquid, made of parafiin, said capsule containing a second body of liquid, said paraflin being non-miscible in both of the bodies of liquid. In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ARTHUR E. SMITH. 

